Van

Quick Facts

• Region: Eastern Anatolia, Turkey
• Governorate/Province: Van Province
• Elevation: 1,726 m
• Population (year): 522,862 (end 2024, city)

Overview

Van is the capital and largest city of Van Province, located on the eastern shore of Lake Van in eastern Turkey. Its setting on the lake and near historic fortifications has made it a strategic and cultural crossroads for centuries.

The city traces its roots to the ancient Urartian capital of Tushpa, which overlooked the surrounding plain from the Van Fortress.

History and Culture

The mound and fortress of Van preserve layers of settlement from the Urartian period through medieval and Ottoman eras. The city continues to reflect a mix of Anatolian, Armenian, and Kurdish cultural influences.

Sites and Landmarks

Van Fortress (Tushpa) and the old city of Van are part of Turkey’s UNESCO Tentative List. On Lake Van, Akdamar Island is home to the historic Church of the Holy Cross, built in the early 10th century.

Notable People

The Armenian theater director Vardan Ajemian was born in Van.

Population

Population (city, end of 2024): 522,862.